Abstract:
Background:
Postpartum depression is a transient mood that starts within four weeks up to one year after
delivery, and is an important cause of morbidity and life threatening condition varying from
8% to 36% among women worldwide.
Objectives:
This study sought to assess prevalence of depressive symptoms and the associated risk factors
among postpartum mothers attending reproductive health and child health clinics.
Methods:
Using a cross-sectional methodology, 309 postpartum mothers aged 15 to 45 years delivered
within one month to one year within the study period were conveniently enrolled from Sinza
and Magomeni Health Centres (Kinondoni Municipality). Coded structured Kiswahili
questionnaires were used to collect demographic data and an adapted "SONONA
questionnaire" by the Ministry of Health and Social welfare was used to screen for depressive
symptoms. Data entry and analysis was done using the SPSS version IS.
Results:
Out of 309 postpartum mothers, 53 (17.2%) mothers were found to have symptoms of
postpartum depression (PPD). The overall prevalence of PPD symptoms was 17.2%; 95% Cl
(13.0 - 21.4). Prevalence for Magomeni Health Centre was 16.9% (n=21); 95% Cl (10.3 -
23.5) and for Sinza was 17.3% (n=32); 95% Cl (11.9 - 22.8). On multivariate analysis, factors
associated with PPD symptoms were; poor relationship with in-laws, poor relationship with
husband, miscarriage, death of a child, lack of breastfeeding and having a higher number of
children.
Conclusion and recommendations:
Post partum depression is a considerable problem that needs attention. However, early
detection of postpartum depression is important in assisting postpartum mothers, and this
should begin during prenatal period. Prevention of depression for nursing mothers helps not
only the psychological well-being of the mothers but also the entire family. Postpartum
depression is under-researched and under-reported, therefore priority should be given.
