Abstract:
ABSTRACT
Background
In Tanzania a large number of adolescents abuse illicit drugs. Previous studies have focused
their attention on in-school adolescents particularly in terms of incidence, extent, knowledge,
attitude and practice of drug abuse. However, few studies have sought to tape opinions of out
of school adolescents who live in the communities in which illicit drugs are sold and used.
Consequently, little is known on perceptions of out-of-school adolescents regarding risk
factors for drug abuse, consequences and protective factors against drug abuse. It is this gap in
knowledge that this study intended to fill.
Objectives: This study sought to explore the perceptions of the out of school adolescent‟s on
the risk factors for drug abuse, consequence and protective practices with reference to Ilemela
Municipal.
Methodologies: The study took on qualitative case study design. Purposive sampling strategy
were used to select 31 adolescents between the ages 10 to 19 years – including non-drug users
and those known to be users of illicit drugs. Two focus group discussion sessions each
comprising 8 participants who were non-drug users and 15 in-depth interviews with
adolescents known to be user of illicit drug were conducted. Data were qualitatively analyzed
thematically.
Results: This study found out that adolescents had a correct understanding of what drug
abuse refers to. Moreover, they were to a large extent correctly informed of effects drug abuse.
Regarding risk factors for drug abuse, the adolescents pointed out: having friends who engage
in problem behavior, adolescent exposure to substance abuse and maladaptive coping with
stressful situation. The participants correctly reported some physical, psychological, and social
Consequences of drug abuse. Adolescents believed that proper parental care, monitoring and
upbringing can help reduce substance abuse among adolescents.
Conclusion: This study has revealed adolescents‟ perceptions on risks, effects, and protective
factors against drug abuse that conform to the conventional knowledge. The study shines light
on responsibilities of individual adolescents, families, community and the local government
toward addressing the problem.
