Public Health and Social Sciences - Journals: Recent submissions

Now showing items 141-160 of 209

The EVIDEM framework and its usefulness for priority setting across a broad range of health interventions.

Youngkong, S.; Tromp, N.; Chitama, D. (BioMed CentralCost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation, 2011)
Chlorproguanil-dapsone-artesunate versus artemether-lumefantrine: a randomized, double-blind phase III trial in African children and adolescents with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria.

Premji, Z.; Umeh, R.E.; Owusu-Agyei, S.; Esamai, F.; Ezedinachi, E.U.; Oguche, S; Borrmann, S.; Sowunmi, A.; Duparc, S.; Kirby, P.L.; Pamba, A.; Kellam, L.; Guiguemdé, R.; Greenwood, B.; Ward, S.A.; Winstanley, P.A. (PLoS One, 2009)

BACKGROUND: Chlorproguanil-dapsone-artesunate (CDA) was developed as an affordable, simple, fixed-dose artemisinin-based combination therapy for use in Africa. This trial was a randomized parallel-group, double-blind, ...
Trends in immunization completion and disparities in the context of health reforms: the case study of Tanzania.

Semali, I.A. (BioMed Central, 2010)

BACKGROUND: Of global concern is the decline in under five children mortality which has reversed in some countries in sub Saharan Africa (SSA) since the early 1990 s which could be due to disparities in access to ...
Coartem: the journey to the clinic.

Premji, Z.G. (2009)

Artemisinin, from which the artemether component of Coartem (artemether/lumefantrine, AL) is derived, is obtained from the plant sweet wormwood (Artemisia annua) which has been used for over 2,000 years as a Chinese ...
Pre-referral rectal artesunate in severe malaria: flawed trial.

Hirji, K.F.; Premji, Z.G. (BioMed Central, 2011)

BACKGROUND: Immediate injectable treatment is essential for severe malaria. Otherwise, the afflicted risk lifelong impairment or death. In rural areas of Africa and Asia, appropriate care is often miles away. In 2009, ...
Who gets prompt access to artemisinin-based combination therapy? A prospective community-based study in children from rural Kilosa, Tanzania.

Simba, D.O.; Warsame, M.; Kakoko, D.; Mrango, Z.; Tomson, G.; Premji, Z.; Petzold, M. (PLoS One., 2010)

BACKGROUND: Effective and timely case management remains one of the fundamental pillars for control of malaria. Tanzania introduced artemisinin-combination therapy [ACT] for uncomplicated malaria; however, the policy ...
Addressing inequity to achieve the maternal and child health millennium development goals: looking beyond averages.

Ruhago, G.M.; Ngalesoni, F.N.; Norheim, O.F. (BioMed Central, 2012)

BACKGROUND: Inequity in access to and use of child and maternal health interventions is impeding progress towards the maternal and child health Millennium Development Goals. This study explores the potential health gains ...
Sexual practices among unmarried adolescents in Tanzania.

Kazaura, M.R.; Masatu, M.C. (BioMed Central, 2009)

BACKGROUND: Sexual activities are increasingly changing from the cultural point of view what they used to be. Knowledge of these practices among adolescents may be a basis to create awareness among adolescents on practices ...
Seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and C viruses and syphilis infections among blood donors at the Muhimbili National Hospital in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

Matee, M.I.; Magesa, P.M.; Lyamuya, E.F. (BioMed Central, 2006)

BACKGROUND: According to the latest Tanzanian National AIDS Control Programme (NACP) report a total of 147,271 individuals donated blood during the year 2002. However, blood safety remains an issue of major concern in ...
Incidence and predictors of adolescent's early sexual debut after three decades of HIV interventions in Tanzania: a time to debut analysis.

Leonard, F.; Leyna, G.H. (PLoS One., 2012)

PURPOSE: To determine the incidence and predictors of adolescent's early sexual debut after three decades of HIV interventions in Tanzania. METHODS: In a cross-section study of adolescents aged 16-19 residing in Morogoro ...
The content of African diets is adequate to achieve optimal efficacy with fixed-dose artemether-lumefantrine: a review of the evidence.

Premji, Z.G.; Abdulla, S.; Ogutu, B.; Ndong, A; Falade, C.O.; Sagara, I.; Mulure, N.; Nwaiwu, O.; Kokwaro, G. (BioMed Central, 2008)

A fixed-dose combination of artemether-lumefantrine (AL, Coartem(R)) has shown high efficacy, good tolerability and cost-effectiveness in adults and children with uncomplicated malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum. ...
Trends in HIV-1 prevalence and risk behaviours over 15 years in a rural population in Kilimanjaro region of Tanzania.

Mmbaga, E.J.; Hussain, A.; Holm-Hansen, C.; Mnyika, K.S.; Sam, N.E.; Klouman, E.; Klepp, K.I. (BioMed Central, 2007)

BACKGROUND: Monitoring dynamics in HIV-1 infection and risk behaviours is important in evaluating, adjusting and scaling up prevention programmes. The objective of this study was to estimate trends in the prevalence of ...
Outcome based subgroup analysis: a neglected concern.

Hirji, K.F.; Fagerland, M.W. (BioMed Central, 2009)

BACKGROUND: A subgroup of clinical trial subjects identified by baseline characteristics is a proper subgroup while a subgroup determined by post randomization events or measures is an improper subgroup. Both types of ...
Calculating unreported confidence intervals for paired data.

Hirji, K.F.; Fagerland, M.W. (BioMed Central, 2011)

BACKGROUND: Confidence intervals (or associated standard errors) facilitate assessment of the practical importance of the findings of a health study, and their incorporation into a meta-analysis. For paired design studies, ...
Fertility desire and intention of people living with HIV/AIDS in Tanzania: a call for restructuring care and treatment services.

Mmbaga, E.J.; Kakoko, D.C.; Leyna, G.H.; Ezekiel, M.J, (BioMed Central, 2013)

BACKGROUND: Scaling up of antiretroviral therapy (ART) is currently underway in sub-Saharan Africa including, Tanzania, increasing survival of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Programmes pay little attention to ...
Malaria rapid testing by community health workers is effective and safe for targeting malaria treatment: randomised cross-over trial in Tanzania.

Mubi, M.; Janson, A,; Warsame, M,; Mårtensson, A,; Källander, K,; Petzold, M.G,; Ngasala, B,; Maganga, G,; Gustafsson, L.L,; Massele, A,; Tomson, G; Björkman, A.; Premji, Z. (PLoS One., 2011)

BACKGROUND: Early diagnosis and prompt, effective treatment of uncomplicated malaria is critical to prevent severe disease, death and malaria transmission. We assessed the impact of rapid malaria diagnostic tests (RDTs) ...
Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Human Taenia Solium Infections in Mbozi District, Mbeya Region, Tanzania

Mwanjali, G; Kihamia, C; Kakoko, DVC; Lekule, F; Ngowi, H; Johansen, MV; Thamsborg, SM; Willingham, AL (PLoS Negl Trop Dis, 2013)

BACKGROUND: Taenia solium cysticercosis/taeniosis is emerging as a serious public health and economic problem in many developing countries. This study was conducted to determine prevalence and risk factors of human T. ...
Effect of a fetal surveillance unit on admission of antenatal patients to hospital

Soothill, P.W.; Ajayi, R .; Campbell, S .; Gibbs, J.; Chandran, R.; Gibb, D.; Nicolaides, K.H. (BMJ, 1991)

Objective-To analyse the effect of a fetal surveillance unit, which undertakes a wide range of maternal and fetal tests on an outpatient or inpatient basis, on the number and length of antenatal hospital admissions. Design-A ...
AIDS surveillance in Africa

NICOLL, A.; KILLEWO, J.; BIGGAR, R.J (BMJ, 1991)

Surveillance of the AIDS pandemic in Africa has always posed formidable problems for epidemiologists. Diagnostic accuracy-according to the case definitions for AIDS used in industrialised countries-is impossible to ...
communicating with the people about HIV infection risk as a basis for planning interventions: lessons from the Kagera region of Tanzania

KILLEWO, J.; SANDSTROM, A.; DAHLGREN, L.; WALL, S. (Elsevier Science, 1997)

In order to deepen the understanding of risk factors associated with HIV infection in the Kagera region of Tanzania and to investigate the potentials of communicating with the people in planning for interventions, two ...

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