Feacal carriage rate of extended spectrum beta lactamase producing enterobacteriaceae among food vendors in Dar es salaam, Tanzania

Abstract

Background: Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria are Gram-negative bacteria that produce an enzyme, beta-lactamase that has ability to break down commonly used antibiotics such as penicillin and cephalosporins and render them ineffective for treatment. The ESBL producing bacteria are a common cause of nosacomial and community acquired infection worldwide. Poultry meat food vendors are at high risk of contacting ESBL due contamination with infected animal products when handling them. Most of food vendors do not wear hand protective gears when handling meat; therefore they get direct contamination with the contaminated poultry meat. Aim: To determine the feacal carriage rate of ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae among poutry meat food vendors in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Method: A cross sectional study conducted among poultry meat food vendor in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. The study included consented poultry meat food vendors from slaughterhouses and sellers of poultry meat in the streets and markets. Social-demographic data and associated factors were collected using standard structured questionnaires. Rectal swab samples were collected in transport media and processed at within 24hrs of collection. Specimen were cultured in MacConkey Agar supplemented with Ceftazidime. Identification of bacterial isolates were based on colonial characteristics, Gram stain and biochemical tests. ESBL producing enterobacteriaceae were confirmed by Double Disk Synergy method. Data were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23. Association between ESBL and associated factors were analysed by logistic regression modeling. P value of < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Among 300 studied poultry meat food vendors, 107 (35.7%) were ESBL carriers. Majority of ESBL producing enterobacteriaceae were E. coli (78.5%) were and Klebsiella pneumoniae (21.5%). Conclusion: The study demonstrates feacal carriage rate of ESBL producing enterobacteriaceae among poultry meat food vendors. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the ESBL producing enterobacteriaceae associated with food vendors in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.